Glaucoma surgery is a surgical procedure performed to treat glaucoma, a group of eye conditions characterized by increased pressure within the eye, known as intraocular pressure (IOP). The main goal of glaucoma surgery is to lower IOP and prevent or reduce further damage to the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain. There are different types of glaucoma surgery, and the choice of procedure depends on the severity and type of glaucoma, as well as other factors such as the patient's age and overall eye health. Here are some common types of glaucoma surgery: Trabeculectomy: This is the most common surgical procedure for glaucoma. It involves creating a new drainage channel by making a small hole in the sclera (the white part of the eye) to allow fluid to drain out and lower IOP. The surgeon may also create a small blister (bleb) on the surface of the eye to collect the fluid. Tube Shunt Implantation: In this procedure, a small tube with a silicone or plastic drainage device is inserted into the eye to redirect the fluid from the inside of the eye to a small plate or reservoir implanted on the surface of the eye. This allows for controlled drainage and IOP reduction. Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS): MIGS procedures are newer surgical techniques that are less invasive and have a quicker recovery time compared to traditional surgeries. These procedures involve creating microscopic-sized openings or implants to enhance the drainage of fluid from the eye. Examples of MIGS procedures include trabecular meshwork bypass stents and micro-incisional glaucoma surgery.
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